Cross-country skiing: The future of the sport

cross-country skiing
Cross-country skiing has been a vital part of Finnish culture and sports heritage for centuries, but its future faces many challenges.
Cross-country skiing has been a vital part of Finnish culture and sports heritage for centuries, but its future faces many challenges.

The effects of climate change on winter conditions, the high cost of equipment, the declining interest of young people, and controversial decisions by the International Ski Federation (FIS) are putting the sport’s development in jeopardy. Additionally, the dominance of Norwegian skiers in competitive skiing diminishes the appeal of the sport. This article explores the future of cross-country skiing and considers what can be done to ensure that the sport remains a part of Finnish identity and culture while staying relevant and interesting internationally amidst an overwhelming range of options.

The future of cross-country skiing is filled with challenges but also opportunities if concerted action is taken. Cross-country skiing is a beloved sport for many Finns, and participation rates remain high. The pandemic even brought new participants to the sport, as outdoor activities, particularly skiing, were possible despite restrictions. However, the future may not be all rosy for enthusiasts, competitive skiers, youth, and those working in the field. No one can predict the exact future of cross-country skiing, but collective effort will be crucial for keeping the sport alive.

Cross-Country Skiing – The Impact of Climate Change and the Importance of Artificial Snow

Climate change threatens traditional winter sports, and cross-country skiing is one of the biggest victims. Snowless and mild winters shorten the ski season, especially in southern Finland, making skiing less accessible. However, the use of artificial snow and snowmaking trails has been a significant help in this situation.

Snowmaking trails have been developed across Finland, enabling skiing often as early as November. Roller ski tracks are also being built and developed to allow safe and high-quality skiing during the summer and fall. These snowmaking trails and roller ski tracks ensure that skiing is possible even in snowless winters, enabling year-round training and recreation. Artificial snow extends the ski season and provides a more stable foundation for the sport’s sustainability. It’s crucial to continue developing snowmaking trails and roller ski tracks with environmentally friendly and energy-efficient solutions to ensure they remain accessible and sustainable parts of ski culture.

Of course, skiing on snowmaking trails partially detracts from the sport’s charm, as skiing on a small loop or back-and-forth trail doesn’t compare to a long ski tour in nature. Snow must also be stored over the summer and spread on the trails in the fall, which requires financial, physical, and human resources. Building and maintaining roller ski tracks adds extra costs to cities, alongside other sports activities.

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Cross-Country Skiing – The High Cost of Equipment

The price tag for skiing is a barrier for many. Competitive skiing, in particular, requires several pairs of skis for different conditions and techniques, in addition to other equipment such as skis, boots, poles, and waxes, which can cost thousands of euros. This may exclude children from less affluent families from the sport. One solution could be ski clubs organizing equipment rentals and flea markets to lower the threshold for trying the sport. Schools and municipalities could also help by providing shared equipment for young people. Many schools’ skiing equipment is now in poor condition, worn out, or otherwise nearly unusable, and more investment is needed here.

Competition from Other Sports and the Declining Interest of Youth

Skiing competes for young people’s time with a wide range of other sports and hobbies. Smartphones have become a new addiction for young people, and generally, physical activity and sports are no longer a given, even for young children. In the sports field, many now choose team sports or technology-related hobbies, such as e-sports. Skiing may seem solitary and time-consuming, which reduces its appeal. The sport has often been described as the activity of a lone wolf, but today, more team spirit and collaborative efforts have been introduced to the sport, which hopefully increases its attraction.

Additionally, FIS decisions, such as the tightening of the race calendar or rule changes, have received criticism, as they do not always support the long-term development of the sport. FIS should reconsider which reforms and changes are truly beneficial for skiing and how to increase its appeal. The International Biathlon Union (IBU) has done a great job, raising its sport from 70s and 80s military sports to a globally respected and followed winter sport. Perhaps lessons and influences could be drawn from this, which could be applied to cross-country skiing, bringing new momentum to the sport.

The Importance of Role Models and Inspiring Stories in Cross-Country Skiing

Good role models and inspiring stories are essential for creating an attractive sports culture. Finland has a long history of successful skiers, such as top athletes Krista Pärmäkoski, Iivo, and Kerttu Niskanen, who can inspire young people. In Norway, Johannes Høsflot Klæbo is a great example for the youth, both for his success and his public persona. These athletes’ achievements can be more effectively highlighted on social media.

In Finland, celebrities like Antti Tuisku, dedicating himself to skiing through his personal challenge, have brought a different kind of visibility and appeal to the sport. A great example is the recent Imatra Finnish Championships, where Tuisku’s performance attracted a large group of fans who otherwise would not have attended the ski competition to cheer on the skiers.

Social media offers an opportunity to elevate the status of skiing in the eyes of young people. Skiers’ daily lives, race preparations, and moments of success can be showcased on platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube. Content that supports the sport, such as fun challenges, time-lapse training videos, and behind-the-scenes material, can increase interest and give skiing new visibility.

cross-country skiing
Iivo Niskanen at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Zhangjiakou, China. Photo: Jon Olav Nesvold/BILDBYRÅN

Is Cross-Country Skiing Too Dominated by Norway?

In recent years, Norwegian skiers have dominated international cross-country skiing, particularly among men. Johannes Høsflot Klæbo and his Norwegian teammates’ supremacy is evident in almost every competition, and the top ten is often overwhelmingly Norwegian, with only a few non-Norwegian athletes, including Finland’s Iivo Niskanen in classic races. The absence of Russian skiers from international competitions due to the war in Ukraine has further narrowed the geographical diversity of the top positions.

On the women’s side, Norwegian success has also been prominent this winter. Therese Johaug’s return to competition has highlighted her unique talent, and former long-distance skier Astrid Øyre Slind has smoothly transitioned to the top of cross-country skiing, regularly competing for podium positions and now winning races. Additionally, Heidi Weng’s good performances this winter keep Norway strongly in the mix for the top spots in skiing competitions.

However, the women’s field is not as one-sided as the men’s, as the competition is broader. Last year’s World Cup trophies went to the United States, with Jessie Diggins winning the entire cup and currently leading the overall standings. Finnish skier Kerttu Niskanen demonstrated at the Tour de Ski that she is ready to fight for podium positions, and Krista Pärmäkoski is also expected to move closer to the top as the season progresses. On the sprint side, Jasmi Joensuu leads the cup, and skiers from Central Europe are also placing near the top.

Norway is undoubtedly a great example of a country where skiing culture and tradition have always been cherished and appreciated, and other countries can learn from this. It is clear that Norway’s extensive training system, resources, and long skiing history form the foundation of the country’s incredible success, but this also raises the question: is cross-country skiing becoming too Norwegian-centric?

Is the Lack of Diversity Threatening the Sport’s Appeal?

A one-sided competitive landscape, where one country dominates overwhelmingly, can weaken the public’s interest in the sport. For many viewers, the international excitement and competition between athletes from different countries are a major part of cross-country skiing’s appeal. Norway’s dominance, especially in the men’s events, may lead to a situation where the international audience loses interest unless more balanced competition can be achieved.

Cross-Country Skiing: What Can Be Done About This Lack of Diversity?

  • Equal resources for smaller skiing countries: FIS should support smaller skiing nations financially and technically so their athletes can compete better against giants like Norway (as the IBU does). For example, training camps, collaborative projects with larger countries, and equipment sponsorships could help smaller nations develop.
  • Revamping the competition format: Introducing new competition formats, such as shorter sprints or mixed relay races, could level the playing field and highlight different skills. This would create opportunities for smaller countries to succeed. New formats have already been tested in some World Cup races.
  • The return of Russian athletes to international competition: When political conditions allow, the return of Russian skiers would diversify the competition and increase international tension in the races. Russia has a long tradition in cross-country skiing, and their absence has narrowed the list of top competing nations.
  • Highlighting role models from other countries: The media and national ski federations should emphasize skiers from other countries who are challenging the Norwegians. This can generate new interest and encourage Finns, Swedes, and Central Europeans to follow their own athletes more closely.

Cross-Country Skiing Dilemma – The Norwegian Dominance

The Norwegian dominance in cross-country skiing is hard to dispute, but the future of the sport requires that the competitive landscape remains diverse and international. By investing in the development of smaller countries and the diversity of competitions, we can ensure that the sport retains its public interest and international appeal.

In Finland, of course, there is a need to invest in general resources and to improve the Finnish Ski Federation’s and the sport’s overall economy. While our country has plenty of coaching expertise, perhaps stronger collaboration between various entities and coaches could lead to more fruitful outcomes. Commercial teams like Team Electrofit also bring new color to our domestic ski scene, thereby creating opportunities for more talented ski prospects to fully engage in the sport.

Some of our skiers have also participated in joint training camps and activities with top athletes from other countries, and this type of cooperation should be further developed. This collaboration works for both standard distance skiers and Ski Classics athletes, and sharing knowledge and experiences will undoubtedly create a new culture within the sport, allowing for the challenge of Norwegian supremacy.

Why Is Skiing a Good Activity?

Although cross-country skiing faces challenges, it remains an excellent form of exercise. It develops endurance, muscle strength, and coordination, while also offering the chance to enjoy nature and escape the daily rush. Additionally, skiing is a versatile sport with three different techniques: classic, freestyle (skating), and double-poling. This variety allows for training forms suitable for different skill levels and physical abilities.

Cross-Country Skiing
10.03.2024, Oslo, Norway (NOR): Johannes Hoesflot Klaebo (NOR) – FIS world cup cross-country, mass men, Oslo (NOR). www.nordicfocus.com. © Modica/NordicFocus. Every downloaded picture is fee-liable.

What Can Be Done to Save the Sport?

  1. Investing in Youth and Low-Threshold Activities: Ski clubs should organize more free or affordable trial events and camps. Additionally, schools should encourage skiing more during physical education classes, so children can try the sport with good and functional equipment.
  2. Increasing the Sport’s Visibility: Social media campaigns and collaborations with influencers can increase the appeal of skiing. Stories about the career paths of skiers and the sense of community can be highlighted to inspire youth.
  3. Reforming Regulations and Competition Formats: FIS should critically review its decisions and focus on those that support the long-term development of the sport. Additionally, competition formats should be made more appealing to young athletes.
  4. Sustainable Development Solutions: Ski resorts and trail networks should invest in environmentally friendly solutions, such as energy-efficient snowmaking systems, to ensure that skiing can be enjoyed in the future. Roller-ski tracks suitable for recreational skiers should also be built for safe summer skiing.
  5. Reducing Norwegian Dominance and Leveling the Playing Field: Cooperation with other countries could highlight more skiing stars who would rise to the international stage to challenge the Norwegians, and a more equitable distribution of resources could involve smaller countries more effectively. The hope is also for the end of the war in Ukraine, allowing Russian skiers to return to international ski arenas.

The Future of Cross-Country Skiing Rests on Hope

In conclusion, the future of cross-country skiing is not guaranteed, but with targeted actions, the sport can maintain its position as a favorite among Finns and other Nordic nations. Innovations like artificial snow and social media can help the sport face new challenges, and collaboration between different stakeholders is key.

On the competitive side, cooperation between athletes from various countries can create a new culture for the sport. Resource sharing among smaller ski nations can also help the sport grow and prevent excessive Norwegian dominance in skiing. The end of the war in Ukraine would also enable Russian skiers to return to competitions, adding variety and expanding the competitive aspect of the sport. Skiing still offers so much, both in competitive sport and as a form of fitness.

Related articles on skiing can also be found on ProXCskiing.com.

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